Pumps
Pumps are widely used in manufacturing to transfer fluids, such as liquids, gases and slurries, from one place to another. Pumps are used for various applications and their selection depends on the type of fluid and the requirements of the specific manufacturing process. Pumps are a critical component in many manufacturing processes as they are responsible for transferring fluids throughout the facility and making the process run efficiently. They come in different types and designs, such as centrifugal, positive displacement and specialty pumps, to match the fluid and process requirements.
Pumps Content
Six ways to make pumps more energy efficient
Around 16% of a typical industrial facility’s electricity costs are generated by its pumping systems. Six tips on reducing pumping system costs are highlighted.
With energy prices continuing to rise, many food processors will be finding their pumps becoming even more expensive to run. However, there are savings to be made. Consider these six tips for improving energy consumption of pumps.
1. Avoid oversizing
Oversizing the pump is common to cater for any uncertainties of the duty required in the design process for example when the exact viscosity of a sauce is unknown. However, as a higher performance in terms of flow and pressure requires the motor to run at a higher power, an oversized pump uses more energy than necessary. For that reason, it is important to select a pump that can be run as close to its Best Efficiency Point as possible.
2. Variable frequency drives (VFDs)
The purpose of a VFD is to vary the speed of the motor to achieve the application’s actual performance requirements, as opposed to the maximum that the pump can provide, therefore reducing energy waste. They are usually used to slow oversized pumps or where there are differing duty requirements i.e. sometimes it may need to operate at full speed while at other times it does not. For example, where the same pump is responsible for filling a small barrel with wine and also tank to tank bulk transfer.
3. Parallel pumping systems
When the occasional duty requirements are significantly higher than the standard operating conditions, a single pump could be operating far from its Best Efficiency Point for much of the time. By installing a second smaller pump to meet the average system requirements, the larger, higher energy consuming pump would only need to be used when it warrants it.
4. Limit pipework pressure loss
The power of the pump required needs to account for pipework pressure loss, so bends and changes in the size of the pipework should be kept to a minimum. Whilst food production requires pipework to be regularly cleaned and free of corrosion and rust, this can result in pressure loss, which means cleaning and maintenance of pipework is vital.
5. Install control features
Pumps are often in operation when they are not actually doing anything, due to lack of control. Control systems, such as pump timers, batch meters and level switches can be implemented to shut down a pump when it is not in use. For example, once the required volume of ingredient is dosed into a mixture, or once a container being filled of product is full.
6. Carry out maintenance
Like any equipment, wear can reduce efficiency. The energy efficiency of a pump can degrade as much as 10-25% before it is replaced, making routine maintenance critical. For example, leakages mean that more power is required to produce the same flow, making wear ring replacement even more vital.
– This originally appeared on Control Engineering Europe’s website.
Pumps FAQ
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What type of pump is most commonly used in industry?
The most commonly used pump in industry is the centrifugal pump. Centrifugal pumps use the kinetic energy of a spinning impeller to move fluid through a pipe. They are widely used in industrial applications because they are simple, reliable and efficient. They can handle a wide range of flow rates and pressures and are suitable for a variety of liquids, including water, chemicals and oil. They can also be used in a wide range of temperatures and viscosities.
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What are examples of pump applications?
Examples of pump applications in manufacturing include:
- Transferring liquids and gases in chemical processing
- Moving coolants and lubricants in metalworking
- Circulating liquids in HVAC systems
- Pumping ink in printing presses
- Dispensing adhesives in packaging and assembly lines
- Circulating water in power plants for cooling.
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What are centrifugal pumps?
Centrifugal pumps are a type of dynamic pump that uses the kinetic energy of a spinning impeller to move fluid through a pipe. In a centrifugal pump, the fluid enters the pump through an opening called the suction port. The fluid then flows into the impeller, which is a spinning wheel with vanes or blades. The spinning motion of the impeller creates a centrifugal force that throws the fluid outward from the center of the impeller. This increases the velocity of the fluid, which in turn increases the pressure of the fluid. Centrifugal pumps are capable of handling a wide range of flow rates and pressures and are suitable for a variety of liquids, including water, chemicals and oil.
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What are the 2 main purposes of a pump?
The main purposes of a pump are to move a fluid (liquid or gas) from one place to another and to increase the pressure of the fluid to overcome resistance in the system.
Some FAQ content was compiled with the assistance of ChatGPT. Due to the limitations of AI tools, all content was edited and reviewed by our content team.
